阐明农药使用的影响和可持续发展目标:通过决策影响改善生活的科学

Morufu Raimi(Department of Community Medicine, Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v2i2.380

Article ID: 380

摘要


没有伟大的事情不是带着诅咒来到人间的。确定农药影响的途径可能是多方面的和复杂的,因为人类面临着粮食系统重构的巨大挑战,即在保护地球健康的同时提供和传递个人能够获得的健康食品。排除其他影响的情况下,农业活动中不当使用化学农药已在南半球造成了严重的健康和环境问题。据联合国环境规划署(UNEP)和世界卫生组织(WHO)估计,农药中毒的发生率为每分钟2-3次,每年约有20 000名雇员死于农药中毒,其中大部分在新兴国家。从环境的角度来看,“化学污染的径流” 流经农田,污染了地面和地表水,破坏了淡水生态系统,破坏了渔业,并在排水农业区河口附近的沿海地区造成不断增长和可持续的“死亡地带”。通过教育,作为实现可持续发展目标的第一步,以及为遏制过度使用趋势创造可持续的激励措施,农药造成的环境和健康危害可以相对避免。其他重要挑战也需要解决,例如社会包容;减少贫困;教育、增加公平以及医疗保健;可持续能源;保护生物多样性;水安全;以及变化的气候适应和减缓。这些挑战相互关联,并体现在2030年可持续发展议程中。2015年以来,联合国所有成员国都接受了该议程,并围绕17项可持续发展目标展开工作。因此,要妥善管理这些发展迅猛的加速因素,将需要来自民间社会部门、私营和公共行动者的广泛谈判和合作。是时候将社会技术创新的挑战和人类巨大的智慧用于保护下一代和地球的未来了。然而,世界还尚未走上实现2030年全球目标的道路。在新冠肺炎爆发之前,取得了一些不均衡的进展,许多领域需要更有重点的考虑。疫情的突然爆发突然阻碍了可持续发展目标的实施,在某些情况下,甚至使几十年的进展产生倒退。

关键词


人类独创性;决策影响;可持续发展目标(SDGs);地球健康;农药;对话与合作;外联方案;尼日利亚

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参考


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