自我报告症状对农民健康的概率评估:以尼日利亚库拉地方政府地区的卡诺州为例

Morufu Olalekan Raimi(1Department of Environmental Health Science, Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria 2 Department of Community Medicine, Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v2i1.336

Article ID: 336

摘要


背景:今天,现代农业严重依赖农药的使用,每年以常规方式将惊人的1.5亿吨肥料和600万吨农药施用于田地和农作物,以提高农业产量。由于对人类的直接作用,许多农药已经成为一个问题。因此,想要增加信心和充实农民首先要认识到改变农药使用的必要性,无论是通过现有技术还是新技术,例如提高效率、降低成本或有效决策。目的:本研究的目的是评估尼日利亚卡诺州农民自我报告症状的发生频率。方法:建立了一份综合问卷,重点研究了社会人口统计学特征,与使用农药有关的不良健康影响的教育和经验,工作实践的描述以及研究区域农场中使用过的农药清单。在所收集的400份问卷中,有392份被检索并发现可用,占所收集问卷的98%。结果:结果表明,有46.2%的人使用该农药1-5年,48.1%的人使用了10-15年,这些症状的规律表明,大多数被调查者是定期出现这些症状的(头痛56.1%,胃痉挛53.8%,肌肉无力56.5%,呕吐56.8%,头晕58.3%,呼吸急促40.7%,视力模糊45.5%和眼睛刺激66.7%)。结论:专注于农业实践中的农药使用非常重要,因为它所强调的重点在于农民的收入、健康和福祉,在危险潜伏的卡诺州库拉农民地区的各个角落中,已经面临各种各样的长期健康风险的挑战。这当然应该引起州和联邦政府的担忧,政府必须更加发挥作为农民调解人的关键作用,因为这与强调没有贫困(目标一)、零饥饿(目标二)、确保良好健康福祉(目标三)的可持续发展目标非常一致。因此,有必要通过教育农民来持续努力减少食品污染。

关键词


可持续发展目标;伙伴关系与合作;决策;健康风险暴露;食品污染;农民收入

全文:

PDF

参考


. Isah H.M (2019) Risk Assessment Associated with Pesticide Application on Selected Agricultural farmland in Kano State, Nigeria. MSc thesis from the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Allied Sciences, Kwara State University.

. Olalekan RM, Oluwatoyin OA, Olawale SH, Emmanuel OO, Olalekan AZ (2020) A Critical Review of Health Impact Assessment: Towards Strengthening the Knowledge of Decision Makers Understand Sustainable Development Goals in the Twenty-First Century: Necessity Today; Essentiality Tomorrow. Research and Advances: Environmental Sciences. 2020(1): 72-84. DOI: 10.33513/RAES/2001-13. https://ospopac.com/journal/environmental-sciences/early-online.

. Ajayi F.A, Raimi M.O, Steve-Awogbami O.C, Adeniji A.O, Adebayo P.A (2020) Policy Responses to Addressing the Issues of Environmental Health Impacts of Charcoal Factory in Nigeria: Necessity Today; Essentiality Tomorrow. Communication, Society and Media. Vol 3, No 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22158/csm.v3n3p1. http://www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/csm/article/view/2940.

. Gift RA, Olalekan RM, Owobi OE, et al (2020). Nigerians crying for availability of electricity and water: a key driver to life coping measures for deepening stay at home inclusion to slow covid-19 spread. Open Access Journal of Science. 2020;4(3):69‒80. DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2020.04.00155.

. Raimi M. O and Sabinus C. E. (2017) An Assessment of Trace Elements in Surface and Ground Water Quality in the Ebocha-Obrikom Oil and Gas Producing Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal for Scientific and Engineering Research (Ijser): Volume 8, Issue 6, July Edition. ISSN: 2229-5518.

. Morufu Raimi and Clinton Ezekwe (2017) Assessment of Trace Elements in Surface and Ground Water Quality (2017) LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. Mauritius. ISBN: 978-3-659-38813-2. www.omniscriptum.com.

. Raimi M. O, and Sabinus C. E (2017) Influence of Organic Amendment on Microbial Activities and Growth of Pepper Cultured on Crude Oil Contaminated Niger Delta Soil. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment. Vol. 2, No. 4, 2017, pp. 56-76. DOI: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20170204.12.

. Olalekan, R. M., Omidiji, A. O., Nimisngha, D., Odipe, O. E. and Olalekan, A. S. (2018). Health Risk Assessment on Heavy Metals Ingestion through Groundwater Drinking Pathway for Residents in an Oil and Gas Producing Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Open Journal of Yangtze Gas and Oil, 3, 191-206.https://doi.org/10.4236/ojogas.2018.33017.

. Sawyerr O. H, Odipe O. E, Olalekan R. M, et al. (2018) Assessment of cyanide and some heavy metals concentration in consumable cassava flour “lafun” across Osogbo metropolis, Nigeria. MOJ Eco Environ Sci. 2018;3(6):369‒372. DOI: 10.15406/mojes.2018.03.00115.

. Odipe O. E, Raimi M. O, Suleiman F (2018). Assessment of Heavy Metals in Effluent Water Discharges from Textile Industry and River Water at Close Proximity: A Comparison of Two Textile Industries from Funtua and Zaria, North Western Nigeria. Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. 2018; 1(1): 1-6.doi: 10.18689/mjaes-1000101.

. Henry O. S, Morufu O. R, Adedotun T. A & Oluwaseun E. O (2019) Measures of Harm from Heavy Metal Pollution in Battery Technicians’ Workshop within Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. Scholink Communication, Society and Media ISSN 2576-5388 (Print) ISSN 2576-5396 (Online) Vol. 2, No. 2, 2019 www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/csm. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22158/csm.v2n2p73.

. Olalekan R. M, Dodeye E. O, Efegbere H. A, Odipe O. E. Deinkuro N. S, Babatunde A and Ochayi E. O (2020) Leaving No One Behind? Drinking-Water Challenge on the Rise in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: A Review. Merit Research Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology (ISSN: 2350-2266) Vol. 6(1): 031-049 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3779288.

. Raimi M. O, Adio Z. O, Odipe O. E, Timothy K. S, Ajayi B. S & Ogunleye T. J (2020) Impact of Sawmill Industry on Ambient Air Quality: A Case Study of Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. Energy and Earth Science Vol. 3, No. 1, 2020. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ees.v3n1p1. www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/ees ISSN 2578-1359 (Print) ISSN 2578-1367 (Online)

. Mostafalou, S. and Abdollahi, M. (2017) Pesticides: an update of human exposure and toxicity. Arch. Toxicol., 91, 549–599.

. Da Silva, J., Moraes, C. R., Heuser, V. D., et al. (2008) Evaluation of genetic damage in a Brazilian population occupationally exposed to pesticides and its correlation with polymorphisms in metabolizing genes. Mutagenesis, 23, 415–422.

. Wesseling C, De Joode BVW, Ruepert C, León C, Monge P, Hermosillo H, Partanen L.J (2001). Paraquat in developing countries. Int J Occup Environ Health; 7:275–86.

. Thundiyil JG, Stober J, Besbelli N, Pronczuk J (2008). Acute pesticide poisoning: aproposed classification tool. Bull World Health Organ; 86:205–9.

. Kapka-Skrzypczak L, Cyranka M, Skrzypczak M, Kruszewski M (2011). Biomonitoringand biomarkers of organophosphate pesticides exposure - state of the art. Ann Agric Environ Med; 18:294–303.

. Alves, J. S., da Silva, F. R., da Silva, G. F., et al. (2016) Investigation of potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cellular stability after the exposure of agricultural workers to pesticides. An. Acad. Bras. Cienc., 88, 349–360.

. Bolognesi, C. and Holland, N. (2016) The use of the lymphocyte cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay for monitoring pesticide-exposed populations. Mutat. Res., 770, 183–203.

. Koureas, M., Tsezou, A., Tsakalof, A., Orfanidou, T. and Hadjichristodoulou, C. (2014) Increased levels of oxidative DNA damage in pesticide sprayers in Thessaly Region (Greece). Implications of pesticide exposure. Sci. Total Environ., 496, 358–364.

. Gift RAA, Obindah F (2020). Examining the influence of motivation on organizational productivity in Bayelsa state private hospitals. Open Access J Sci.2020;4(3):94‒108. DOI: 10.15406/oajs.2020.04.00157.

. Funmilayo A. A, Robert O. T, Olalekan R. M, Okoyen E, Tuebi M (2019). A study of the context of adolescent substance use and patterns of use in yenagoa local government, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. MOJ Addiction Medicine and Therapy. 2019;6(1):25‒32. DOI: 10.15406/mojamt.2019.06.00142.

. Ayodele, O.J. (2016). Economic analysis of irrigated rice production in Kura local government area of Kano state, Nigeria. An M.Sc Dissertation, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

. NPC (2006). National Population Commission. Nigeria: Abuja.

. Yamane, T. (1967). Statistics: An Introductory Analysis, 2nd Ed., New York: Harper and Row.

. World Health Organization (WHO) (2009): The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification. Geneva, Switzerland.

. Abubakar M., Mala M. A., Mumin A., Zainab T. & Fatima A. A (2015) Perceptions of Environmental Effects of Pesticides use in Vegetable Production by Farmers along River Ngadda of Maiduguri, Nigeria. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. June 2015, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 212-215 ISSN: 2334-2404 (Print), 2334-2412 (Online) URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jaes.v4n1a26.

. Bhandari G, Atreya K, Yang X, Fan L, Geissen V. Factors affecting pesticide safety behaviour: The perceptions of Nepalese farmers and retailers. Sci Total Environ. 2018 Aug 1;631-632:1560-71.

. Prince E. Kainga, Temitope A. Miller, Timothy T. Epidi (2016) Assessment of Awareness of Benefits and Hazards Posed by Agricultural Pesticides to Farmers in Selected Communities of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry. Volume 3, Issue 2, February 2016, PP 32-40 ISSN 2394-5907 (Print) & ISSN 2394-5915 (Online).

. Pornpimo Kongtip, Noppanun Nankongnab, Redeerat Mohaboo-npeeti, Sasivimol Bootsikeaw, Kiattisak Batsungnoen, Chalalai Hanchenlaksh, Mathuros Tipaya-Mongkholgul and Susan Woskie (2018) Difference among Thai Agricultural Workers Health working conditions and pesticides use by farm type. Annals of work exposure and health. Vol. 62, No.2, 169-181. Doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxx099.

. World Bank. (2007) Gender issues in agricultural labor overview. Available at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ INTGENAGRLIVSOUBOOK/Resources/Module8.pdf. Accessed October 2017.

. Gomes J, Lioyd O. L, Revitt D. M (1999) The influence of personal protection, environmental hygiene and exposure to pesticides on the health of Immigrants farm workers in a desert country. Int Arch Occup Environm. Health; 72(1):40-45.

. Islam M. A, Hossain M. T, Khatun M, Hossen M. S (2015) Environmental impact assessment on frequency of pesticide use during vegetable production. Progressive Agriculture 26: 97-102, 2015. ISSN: 1017 – 8139.

. Hanif MA (2000). Comparative Analysis Between FFS and Non-FFSs Farmers Environment Awareness. MS Thesis, Department of Agriculture Extension Education, BAU, Mymensingh.

. Bammeke TOA (2003) Accessibility and utilization of agricultural information in the economic empowerment of women farmers in South Western Nigeria. University of Ibadan.

. Islam M. M, Motiur B, Akanda MGR (1998). Farmers awareness on the environmental Pollution. Bangladesh Journal of Trading and Development, 11(1 &2): 33-38.

. Atreya K (2008a) Probabilistic assessment of acute health symptoms related to pesticide use under intensified Nepalese agriculture, Int. J. Environ. Health Res. 18, 187-208.

. Dasgupta S, Meisner C, Wheeler D, Xuyen K, Thi Lam N (2007) Pesticides Poisoning of farm workers-implications of blood test results from Victnam. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. 210, 121-132.

. Maria Celina P, Recena Eloisa D. Caldas, Dario X Pires, Elenir Rose J. C, Pontec (2006) Pesticides exposure in Cutturama, Brazil – Knowledge, attitude and practices. Environmental Research. Doi: 10.1016/J.envres.2006.01.007.

. Yassin, M. N., Abu Mourad, T. A., Safi, J. M., (2002) Knowledge, attitude, practice and toxicity symptoms associated with pesticides use among farm workers in the Gaza strip. Occup. Environ. Med. 59, 387-394.

. Keim, S. A., Alavanja M.C.R (2001) Pesticides use by persons who reported a high pesticides exposure event in the agricultural health study. Environ. Res. 85, 256-259.

. Lichtenberg, E. Zimmerman R (1999) Adverse health experiences, environmental attitudes, and pesticides usage behaviour of farm operator. Risk Anal. 19, 283-294.

. Smit L.A., Van-Wendel-de-Joode, B.N Heederik, D. Peiris-John, R.J., Van der Hoek, W (2003) Neurological Symptoms among Sri-Lankan Farmers Occupationally exposed to acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides. Am J. Ind. Med. 44, 254-264.

. Kamel, F., Engel, L.S, Gladen, B.C. Hoppin J.A, Alavanja M.C Sandler D. P (2005) Neurologic symptoms in licensed private pesticides applicators in the agricultural health study. Environ. Health Perspect. 113, 877-882.

. Gurung S, Kunwar M. (2017) Awareness Regarding Health Effects of Pesticides Use Among Farmers in A Municipality of Rupandehi District. Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences. Vol.05 No.02 Issue 16.

. Lekei EE, Ngowi AV, London L (2014). Farmers’ knowledge, practices and injuries associated with pesticide exposure in rural farming villages in Tanzania. BMC Public Health; 14:389. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-389.

. Ohayo-Mitoko G, Kromhout H, Simwa JM, Boleij J, Heederik D (2000): Self-reported symptoms and inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase activity among Kenyan farm workers. Occup Environ Med, 57:195–200.

. Isah H. M, Raimi M. O, Sawyerr H. O, Odipe O. E, Bashir B. G, Suleiman H (2020) Qualitative Adverse Health Experience Associated with Pesticides Usage among Farmers from Kura, Kano State, Nigeria. Merit Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences (ISSN: 2354-323X) Vol. 8(8) pp. 432-447, August, 2020. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4008682. https://meritresearchjournals.org/mms/content/2020/August/Isah%20et%20al.htm.

. Olalekan RM, Muhammad IH, Okoronkwo UL, Akopjubaro EH (2020). Assessment of safety practices and farmer’s behaviors adopted when handling pesticides in rural Kano state, Nigeria. Arts & Humanities Open Access Journal. 2020;4(5):191‒201. DOI: 10.15406/ahoaj.2020.04.00170.


Refbacks

  • 当前没有refback。


版权所有(c)2021 Morufu Olalekan Raimi

Creative Commons License
此作品已接受知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0国际许可协议的许可。